Red Jasper Meaning and Uses

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Red Jasper

 

red jasper uses

 

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red jasperIntroduction to the Meaning and Uses of Red Jasper

Jaspers have been revered by ancient peoples and civilizations throughout the world as sacred and powerful stones of protection, for both the physical and spiritual realm. They were known as the “rain bringers” and nurturers, healers of the spirit and stones of courage and wisdom. The name can be traced back in Arabic, Persian, Hebrew, Assyrian, Greek and Latin, and the virtues of Jaspers have been extolled throughout the ages by the most noted physicians, magicians, poets, scientists, lapidaries and scholars. [Mella, 77-78][en.wikipedia.org]

Historically, Red Jasper was known as a stone of vibrancy and endurance, a talisman of warriors and a promoter of justice, protection, and life. It staunched the blood of wounds, stirred the pulse, and increased fertility. According to Viking and Germanic legend, the hilt of the magical sword of Siegfried, the dragon slayer, was inlaid with Red Jasper to bring him courage. The ancient Egyptians linked Red Jasper with the fertilizing blood of Mother Isis, and often carved it into protective amulets to be placed upon the neck of the deceased, engraved with the 156th chapter of the Book of the Dead. Based on the stones known and used at the time of the Hebrew exodus, it is believed Red Jasper was likely the “Ruby” listed in the Bible – the Odem, or first stone in the breastplate of Aaron, the High Priest, engraved with the tribal name of Reuben. Red Jasper was called the blood of Mother Earth by Native American tribes and was used to stimulate health and re-birth, new ideas and strategies, and increased one’s sensitivity to the earth when dowsing for water or calling in rain. [Eason, 66][Kunz, 226, 290-291][101 Hall, 112][Melody, 344][Mella, 88]

Today, Red Jasper is still known as the Stone of Endurance, a gentle, but vital, stimulator of chi, or Life Force, bringing physical strength and energy, stamina, focus and determination. Its steady frequency calms the emotional body creating a lasting, stable energy for improving health or overcoming illness, setting goals and following through to completion, facing unpleasant tasks and having the courage to rectify wrongs. Red Jasper activates the Base Chakra and stimulates the rise of the kundalini energy throughout the chakras, cleansing and strengthening the aura. It is a stone of passion, useful for restoring and rejuvenating the libido, and in manifesting creative ideas. It provides vivid dream recall, and is a powerful stone for those who work with Earth energies to make a deep connection with Earth spirits and guardians of the leys and sacred sites. [Lembo, 196-197][Simmons, 215][Ahsian, 215][Hall, 156-157][Hall En, 44][Eason, 66]

Red Jasper is an opaque, microcrystalline variety of Quartz with large, grainy crystals rather than the fibrous layers of Chalcedony or Agate. It occurs in nodules or as fillings in fissures and may be found the world over. Its vibrant red to terracotta red-brown is due to high iron content, and may contain other minerals or impurities that create rich patterns. Red Jasper is a major component in Brecciated Jasper, Poppy Jasper and Rose-eye Jasper, and is prominent in many area specific Jaspers, such as Cherry Creek Jasper and Mookaite Jasper. [Simmons, 215][Eason, 66-67]

diamond usesRed Jasper Uses and Purposes

Wear or carry Red Jasper to alleviate stress and reconnect with Earth’s grounding energies. Its cleansing effect eliminates negativity, returning it to its source, and stabilizing the aura. It is an ideal worry or rubbing stone for soothing the nerves and restoring balance. [Melody, 345][Hall 156-157][Hall En, 44]

Red Jasper is marvelous for clearing the mind during meditation, prayer or contemplation. Its high spiritual energy increases focus and endurance during long ceremonies or practices, and is helpful in establishing new spiritual disciplines. It is an excellent stone for shamanic journeying and astral travel, and provides vivid dream recall. [Lembo, 196][Gienger, 52][Hall En, 44][Melody En, 394]

A valuable stone of protection, Red Jasper guards against physical threats and assists in situations of danger. Keep in the car to prevent accidents, theft or road rage, and place in the home or office to absorb electromagnetic and environmental pollution and radiation. Wear two or three items of Red Jasper jewelry or a pouch of three small tumblestones to shield against psychic attack or when working with spirit rescue, potentially violent or psychologically disturbed individuals. [Melody En, 394][Eason, 66][Hall En, 44]

Red Jasper is a stone of passion and a token of all who consummate love. It encourages control in all things, and thus calms sexual aggressiveness, promotes sexual compatibility, and enhances tantric sex. It may assist women in overcoming a jealous love rival or unfair opposition to a relationship. [Eason, 43, 66][Hall En, 44]

Red Jasper also stimulates passion in one’s creative work, manifesting new ideas and freshness, and the energy to continue a project even after the initial excitement has dwindled. Its energy brings focus and self-mastery. Red Jasper is the crystal of actors, actresses and all connected with expressive and performing arts in becoming more sensitive to their audiences. [Ahsian, 215][Eason, 66][Mella, 129]

Red Jasper may be used as a professional support stone for all jobs requiring physical strength and stamina, from police officers to trades workers, waitresses and waiters, and other high activity professionals. It also brings energy, alertness and emotional endurance to accountants, computer operators, military personnel and all who must continuously be focused and on task. [Mella, 129-133]

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Red Jasper Healing Therapies – Overview

(Please note: Information on this web site is no substitute for consulting a health care professional. All information contained on this web site, including information relating to medical and health conditions, products and treatments, is for informational purposes only. Please see your doctor or health care professional before starting any alternative treatments, diets, supplements or exercise programs.)

 

healing power of crystalsRed Jasper Physical Healing Energy

Red Jasper helps regulate the metabolic energies of the body, providing strength and vitality, and increasing physical stamina. It is particularly beneficial for those needing extra support during prolonged illness, injury or hospitalization. Because of its ability to help generate muscle tissue, it may be useful in weight lifting and bodybuilding, and to enhance the effects of exercise. [Mella, 88][Ahsian, 215][Hall En, 44]

Red Jasper is thought to support the circulatory system, detoxifying the blood and removing blockages of the liver and bile ducts. It strengthens the heart and enhances circulation, and may be useful in treating anemia, exhaustion, and heart conditions, including recovery of bypass or transplant surgeries.
[Eason, 66][Hall, 157][Hall En, 44][Gienger, 52][Ahsian, 215]

Red Jasper has been used to increase libido and fertility, especially if undergoing treatment for conception. It is believed to help stabilize pregnancies and promote robust fetal growth, and to facilitate safe childbirth. [Ahsian, 215][Eason, 66]

Jasper is beneficial in staunching blood flow, particularly nosebleeds, and also assists in reducing hemorrhoids. It soothes epilepsy and gout, and may be used to treat the sensory loss of smell. [Megemont, 102][Fernie, 174][Melody, 345]

physical healing crystal usesRed Jasper Emotional Healing Energy

Red Jasper is a stone of empowerment, bringing strength to resist emotional domination by others, and the courage to overcome domestic violence. It also sustains those in the process of healing and recovering from violent sexual experiences. Red Jasper is a perfect stone of courage and strength for a child being teased or bullied at school. It is a bright, tangible reminder and a great confidence builder. [Eason, 46, 66][Gienger, 52][Ahsian, 215]

Red Jasper can re-activate a passion for living when one is feeling blue or unemotional, apathetic, or spiritually defunct, and is commonly used to spark sexual or creative energies. It assists in identifying one’s personal ideas and beliefs about sexual expression or orientation, and helps release shame or guilt around these issues. Red Jasper also helps maintain balance and emotional stability during difficult times, like periods of remission during a serious illness or in long treatments where the outcome is uncertain. [Eason, 66][Lembo, 197][Ahsian, 215]

chakra balancing with crystalsRed Jasper Chakra Healing and Balancing Energy

All Jaspers connect to the Earth and may be placed on the Base Chakra to stabilize and energize the physical body. Laying it over each chakra in turn, will cleanse, boost and realign the chakras and aura, balancing yin and yang energies as well as aligning the physical, emotional and mental bodies with the etheric realm. [Hall III, 113][Hall, 155][Melody, 344-345]

Red Jasper stimulates the Base, or Root Chakra, located at the base of the spine, and controls the energy for kinesthetic feeling and movement. It is the foundation of physical and spiritual energy for the body. When physically out of balance the symptoms manifest themselves as lethargy, low levels of activity, low enthusiasm, and a need for constant stimulation. When spiritual energies are out of balance, one may feel flighty, disconnected from reality or distant. When the Base Chakra is in balance, the physical body regains its strength and stamina, and the spiritual energy is rekindled in the form of security and sense of one’s own power. It often leads to independence and spontaneous leadership.

spiritual crystalsRed Jasper Spiritual Energy

Red Jasper is a remarkable crystal for awakening the energetic kundalini “serpent” dwelling at the base of the spine. The spiraling of this energy up through the body provides a powerful spiritual experience as it activates, clears and strengthens each of the chakras, infusing them with vital Life Force energies. [Ahsian, 215]

Red Jasper attunes to the frequency of fairness and offers assistance to anyone trying to rectify an unjust situation. Meditating with this stone provides insight into the best way to accomplish this, and helps bring future problems to light before they become too big. Red Jasper’s energy communicates the message that all choice is singularly one’s responsibility, and inspires one not to revisit old patterns, but to move forward in all things. [Melody En, 394][Hall, 156]

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crystal color powerRed Jasper Color Energy

Red Jasper brings a self-confidence built on fearlessness, a call to action and excitement. It raises our enthusiasm and speeds up our metabolism. Red reflects the color of passion, energy, and life. It motivates. It is a very strong color – the color of fire and blood. Dark Red crystals embody strong, deep feelings, durable energy and quiet passion. It is a masculine color, particularly useful for increasing devotion and seeing the seriousness of life.

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Meditation CrystalsMeditation with Red Jasper

Red Jasper is a marvelous tool for meditation, providing a calm, harmonious energy, ideal for grounding and centering at the beginning of a ritual, and easing the transition into a meditative state. Red Jasper encourages the affirmation of nurturing the self and being embraced lovingly by Mother Earth. It facilitates the reiteration of dreams as if in a video-type mechanism, accessible during meditative states, that allows the dreamer to recall information that could be consequential for one’s life. [Margherita, 505][Melody En, 394]

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divination uses of crystalsRed Jasper Divination

Known as “the rain bringer,” Jasper has been revered since ancient and medieval times as a divining stone of “tempestaries,” magical masters of the wind and rain, called upon in secret to save harvests in periods of drought, or to save ships from violent storms. Green and Brown Jaspers were considered the most powerful for this purpose. Red Jasper was also used by the American Indians for dowsing the land for water, and was especially helpful in increasing the searcher’s sensitivity to the Earth. [Kunz, 90][Megemont, 102][Mella, 88][Eason, 108]

Jasper has also been utilized for divining the future. Red and Picture Jasper are especially conducive for dream work and visioning, and Black Jasper is an excellent scrying stone. [Megemont, 102][Hall, 157][Eason, 184]

The Divinatory meaning of Red Jasper: Be tough but kind with someone close who acts helpless and drains you of money or energy with constant demands. [Eason, 66]

Dreaming of Jasper signifies love returned. [Kunz, 358]

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angel crystals Red Jasper and the Angelic Realm

Jasper is a stone of Archangels Haniel and Sandalphon, ruling the Angelic Principalities. [Hall III, 112]

If your birthday falls in any of the following periods, a RedJasper can be a valuable conduit to your Guardian Angel. The table also provides the name of the Guardian Angel of those born in the time period.

Date
Crystal Color
Name of Guardian Angel
March 16-20
Dk. Red
Mumiah (Mumijah)
October 19-23
Red
Mikael
November 13-17
Dk. Red
Asaliah
 December 8-12
Dk. Red
Imamiah

 

There are other Angels that are partial to Red Jasper. The table below gives you the information about them.

Purpose
Crystal Color
Name of Angel
Protector and Ruler of the dates November 13-17; Scorpio.
Dk. Red
Asaliah
Protector and Ruler of the dates December 8-12; Sagittarius.
Dk. Red
Imamiah
Protector and Ruler of the dates March 16-20; Pisces.
Dk. Red
Mumiah 
Angel of Fertility
Dk. Red
Samandiriel
Master of the 11th Tarot Card “Justice”.
Dk. Red
Zuriel
Master of the 16th Tarot Card “The Tower”.
Red
Graphiel
Protector and Ruler of the dates October 19-23; Libra.
Red
Mikael

 

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Goddess Crystals for AmethystRed Jasper Goddess Crystals

Red Jasper honors Cerridwen, the Welsh Goddess of Inspiration and Knowledge. She rules the gifts of prophecy and magic, and powers death and rebirth. She is the guardian of spiritual transformation.

Red Jasper may be used to honor Isis, the Egyptian Goddess of Life. She is widely respected as a Goddess of the divine feminine, and is known for her steadfastness in taking careof her family and using her power to protect them.

Jasper honors Bona Dea, the Roman Earth Goddess of Fertility and the Greek Goddess of Women. She protects women through all of their changes, and is a skilled healer, particularly with herbs.

Jasper also honors Callisto, the Greek Moon Goddess; Chirakan-Ixmucane, the Mayan Creator Goddess; and Clota, the Goddess of the River Cldye.

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Birthstones

birthstones

 

There are several ways to find an appropriate birthstone. The traditional one is listed first. These are from the popular lists that most people are familiar with. The second way is to find your natural birthstone by the color wheel of life. You can click on the Natural Birthstone graphic below to learn more. Finally many people use the traditional stones of the Zodiac.

In this section you will find information on all three approaches.

 

traditional birthstoneRed Jasper Traditional Birthstone

Red Jasper is not a traditional birthstone, but Jasper is an historical birthstone of March.

 

 

Natural BirthstoneRed Jasper Natural Birthstone.

Jasper which is red in color is the natural birthstone of those born in mid-autumn (October 22 – November 20). Red crystals bring you energy, courage, passion, and love.

 

zodiac usesRed Jasper – Zodiac Stone

Jasper is not specific to any zodiac sign, but is thought to bring Cancer and Capricorn compassion and patience. Aries and Scorpio are also reported to benefit from any variety of Jasper, though Red Jasper is credited with calming Aries’ hot temper. Red Jasper is believed to lend Virgo natives strength and persistence in achieving their goals. [Megemont, 102]

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talisman usesRed Jasper Talismans and Amulets

Jasper was worn throughout history as an amulet against phantasms, evil spirits, and witchcraft. Worn on the breast, it prevented epilepsy, stomach pain and colic, and stopped nosebleeds and other fluxes of the body. Jasper amulets also prevented fevers and swelling. [Fernie, 174, 180][Kunz, 90]

An amulet of Jasper was believed to protect its wearer from drowning, and also kept spiders and scorpions at bay. [101 Hall, 112]

For the American Indians, Jasper was known as a powerful amulet of protection for their shamanic rituals and against unseen hazards of the night. [Mella, 88][Melody, 344]

Red Jasper is a Seeker Transformer crystal. Seekers contain a crystal energy structure that aligns the natural energy of the crystal to the natural power of the human mind in finding the way to new horizons and new capabilities. They’re pointers, directors, and compasses; the fresh start crystals. These are talismans of the scientist, the adventurer, the hunter, wanderer, and explorer. They’re also crystals of the student and the researcher.

Transformer crystals enhance efforts to change our situations, prospects, health, outlook or relationships. By transforming ourselves we transform our lives. We learn to dance, speak a new language, grow stronger, or become a better spouse or child. Seeker crystals with the earth power of the Transformer are excellent talismans to aid our efforts to grow, develop new capabilities and change our lives.

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Feng Shui usesRed Jasper Feng Shui

Red Jasper utilizes Fire Energy, the energy of enthusiasm, warmth, brightness, illumination and activity. It is Yang in nature. It is the energy of heat, action, emotion and passion – of ideas, of concepts, and sex. It is traditionally associated with the south area of a home or room, and with the fame and reputation area of your dwelling. Use its energy to give your life the boost it needs to enhance your standing in the community and within your family. Red gemstones should be used sparingly, to bring the sun’s power and the fire element’s energy to your space

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Lore_and _legend of crystals

In many ancient civilizations, Jasper was believed to be heavily charged with mysterious and sometimes contradictory properties. Red Jasper stimulated without being excessive; Yellow Jasper enhanced common sense but also the need for conformity; and Green Jasper of all one color harmonized gently, yet could change the opinion of even the most stubborn person. [Megemont, 100-101]
 
Legends claim if one has worn Jasper since childhood, he or she will be protected from drowning and ghosts; and those who gird their bodies with it are protected from accident and will have all their wishes fulfilled. Opinions differ as to whether it should be set in silver or gold, but all are unanimous in saying it should be worn on the right side, and should be worn chastely after it has been blessed and consecrated. [Lecouteux, 177-178]

Jaspers were prized by even the earliest physicians as the most powerful astringents, regulators of metabolism and colic, and strengtheners of the stomach and digestive organs. The Roman physician, Galen, prominent in the first century A.D., always wore a ring set with Jasper, carved in the figure of a man with a bundle of herbs signifying the power to distinguish diseases and stop the flow of blood from any part. He declared the Jasper, particularly the green variety, should be hung about the neck to strengthen the chest and stomach, as did the Egyptian King, Nechepsus, who wore a Green Jasper cut in the shape of a dragon over his digestive organs and reported it to be wonderfully strengthening to their functions. [Mella, 42-43][Fernie, 173, 175][Kunz, 385][Lecouteux, 180] 

Jasper was a significant stone in nearly all religious and cultural histories throughout the world. In a Mesopotamian creation legend, the god Marduk (Jupiter) formed three heavens or spheres above the Earth, with the lower one being created from Jasper. On it he drew the constellations. [101 Hall, 112]

In Viking and German legends, the hilt of the magical sword of Siegfried, the dragon-slayer, was inlaid with Red Jasper to give him courage. Red Jasper was also called the blood of Mother Earth among some Native North American tribes, and in ancient Egypt was linked with the fertilizing blood of Mother Isis. Jaspers were often used for carving texts on sacred amulets for placement on the bodies of the dead to insure safe passage into the afterlife. [Eason, 66][Kunz, 226-229] According to romantic legend, Mark Anthony used a Red Jasper seal ring to mark and seal his letters to Cleopatra. [www.madagascarminerals.com]

Amulets called magatama (crooked jewels) have been found in Japanese graves of the Iron Age, formed of various materials, including Jasper, and were strung together with beads and used to adorn the statues of the gods. They were employed as imperial insignia and distinctive marks of high rank. [Kunz, 265] Jasper is also highly prized in China, and is the material from which the seal of the Emperor is made. [Fernie, 175]

To the Hebrews, Jasper was Yashpheh, the twelfth stone in the breastplate of the High Priest, inscribed with the tribal name Assher, though some list it as the tribe of Benjamin. Most writers agree this stone was the highly valued Green Jasper. Based on the stones known and used at the time, it is also believed the original breastplate of Aaron may have contained Red Jasper as the Odem, or first stone, and Yellow Jasper as the Tarshish, or tenth stone. [Kunz, 276, 289, 301][Fernie, 173]

In Christian tradition, Jasper represented the young vigor of faith and was dedicated to the apostle Peter as the hard and solid rock upon which Christ would build his church. [Fernie, 45, 199][Lecouteax, 179] It was also the gleaming material from which the city walls and first foundation of the New Jerusalem would be made. In the Apocalypse, St. John sees the Eternal appear on a throne of Jasper, representing eternal youth, renewal, and revelation. [Kunz, 302-303][Megemont, 102]

Jasper was considered a sacred stone of protection for shamans of the Native American Indians during their magical practices and in continued adherence to the “old ways.” Jasper containing the yellow color protected and assisted in times of travel, both physical and spiritual; that which contained the red color induced health and re-birth, freshness in ideas and strategies; and Jasper containing the blue color was used to connect one with the “after” worlds. [Melody, 344]

Spider Jasper, a rarer variety containing earthy browns with white or dark spider-web markings, is believed to contain the power of the wise spider, represented by the Native North American goddess, Grandmother Spider, who created people from four different-colored clays as the nations of the Earth, then led them from the underworld into the open where Grandfather Sun breathed life into them. [Eason, 298]

Jasper was ideal for engraving, and from the earliest ages was heavily employed in the glyptic arts of many cultures for its special talismanic virtues.
 

    • A Red Jasper engraved with a man seated on a fish with a peacock over his head prevents the diners seated at the right from becoming intoxicated; this same stone placed in the pocket of a person who eats with his right hand prevents that person from becoming full during a banquet. [Lecouteux, 276]

 

    • Worn around the neck, a Red Jasper carved with the image of a helmeted man with his shield at throat level, wielding a sword and trampling a snake at his feet lends the power to vanquish all enemies in battle, particularly if this battle began on the day of Mars (Tuesday). This same engraving may be used on Green Jasper but needs to be set in bronze. [Lecouteux, 276]

 

    • A lion or an archer on a Jasper gives help against poison and cures from fever. [Kunz, 133]

 

    • A Jasper bearing a huntsman, a dog, or a stag, with God’s help, will have the power to heal one possessed of a devil (one who is insane). It also protects the owner from the devil. [Kunz, 135][Lecouteux, 179]

 

    • The depiction of a man, specifically Mars, on a piece of Jasper with a shield in his left hand and an idol or weapon in his right, with vipers as his feet and a cock or lion as his head, wearing a breastplate, enables its owner to battle his enemies and obtain victory. It also protects him from poison. This is the depiction on the sacred Abrasax stone. [Lecouteux, 179]

 

    • A Jasper depicting an armed Mars, or a virgin wrapped in a toga with a laurel branch in hand, makes its owner powerful and capable of anything, and grants protection from violent death, drowning, demons, and adversity; it also helps him obtain all he desires. [Lecouteux, 179][Kunz, 140]

 

    • Worn on the chest, a Jasper carved with a kestrel, or kite, rending a snake and placing the head of an iulian fish beneath the stone gets rid of stomach pain, stimulates appetite, and provides good digestion. [Lecouteux, 179][Fernie, 174]

 

    • Wearing a Jasper adorned with the image of a hare protects a person from attack by demons and spirits. If adorned with a dog, it protects against dropsy (edema), venom, and dog bites. [Lecouteux, 179]

 

    • A wolf carved on Jasper protects from guile and prevents one from spouting wild claims. [Lecouteux, 180]

 

    • A Jasper with an image of an emperor with head held high brings the love of all creatures, and its possessor will obtain all he desires. [Lecouteux, 180]

 

  • A Jasper engraved with the sacred symbol of the cross protects its owner from drowning. [Kunz, 140]

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Footnote References

 

The symbols [  ] enclose the author’s name and a page number for a reference cited from the following books:

[Ahsian, pp.] Robert Simmons & Naisha Ahsian, The Book of Stones (Berkley, CA: North Atlantic Books, 2007).

[Altman, pp.] Jennifer Altman, Gem and Stone: Jewelry of Earth, Sea, and Sky. (San Francisco, Chronicle Books, 2012)

[Eason, pp. ]Cassandra Eason, The New Crystal Bible (London: Carlton Books Ltd., 2010).

[Fernie, pp.] William T. Fernie, The Occult and Curative Powers of Precious Stones (Blauvelt, NY: Rudolph Steiner Publications, 1973).

[Gienger, pp.] Michael Gienger, Healing Crystals (Scotland: Earthdancer Books, 2009).

[Hall, pp.] Judy Hall, The Crystal Bible (Cincinnati, OH: Walking Stick Press, 2003).

[Hall II, pp.]Judy Hall, The Crystal Bible 2 (Cincinnati, OH: Walking Stick Press, 2009).

[Hall III, pp.] Judy Hall, The Crystal Bible 3 (Cincinnati, OH: Walking Stick Press, 2013).

[Hall En ,pp.] Judy Hall, The Encyclopedia of Crystals, (Beverly, MA: Fair Winds Press, 2013).

[Hall Cr, pp.] Judy Hall, Crystals to Empower You (Blue Ash, OH, Cincinnati, OH: Walking Stick Press, 2013).

[101 Hall , pp.] Judy Hall, 101 Power Crystals (Beverly, MA: Fair Winds Press, 2011).

[Kunz, pp.] George Frederick Kunz, The Curious Lore of Precious Stones (New York: Dover Publications, 1971).

[Lecouteux, pp.] Claude Lecouteux, A Lapidary of Sacred Stones (Rochester, VT: Inner Traditions, U.S. edition, 2012).

[Lembo, pp.] Margaret Lembo The Essential Guide to Crystals, Minerals, & Stones (Woodbury, MN: Llewellyn Worldwide, 2013).

[Margherita,pp.] Margherita, The Crystal Lotus Handbook (Ontario, Canada: The Crystal Lotus, 2010).

[Megemont, pp.] Florence Megemont, The Metaphysical Book of Gems and Crystals (Rochester, VT: Healing Arts Press, 2008).

[Mella, pp.] Dorothee L. Mella, Stone Power II (Albuquerque, NM: Brotherhood of Life, Inc., 1986).

[Melody, pp.] Melody, Love Is In The Earth (Wheat Ridge, CO: Earth-Love Publishing House, 1995).

[Melody, EN,pp.] Melody, Love Is In The Earth -The Crystal and Minerals Encyclopedia (Wheat Ridge, CO: Earth-Love Publishing House, 2007).

[Raphaell, pp.] Katrina Raphaell, Crystal Enlightenment (Santa Fe, NM: Aurora Press, 1985)

[Simmons, pp.] [Ahsian,] Robert Simmons & Naisha Ahsian, The Book of Stones (Berkley, CA: North Atlantic Books, 2007).

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  1. […] Jasper: According to Crystal Vaults, Today, Red Jasper is still referred to as the Stone of Endurance, since it is a subtle but crucial […]

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